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A Saturated Steam Table with steam properties as specific volume, density, specific enthalpy and specific entropy

Properties of steam at varying pressures and temperatures:

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For full table with Entropy - rotate the screen!

Absolute pressure (kPa, kN/m2)	Evaporation Temperature (oC)	Specific Volume (m3/kg)	Density - ρ - (kg/m3)	Specific Enthalpy of			Specific Entropy of Steam - s - (kJ/kgK)
				Liquid - hl - (kJ/kg)	Evaporation - he - (kJ/kg)	Steam - hs - (kJ/kg)
0.8	3.8	160	0.00626	15.8	2493	2509	9.058
2.0	17.5	67.0	0.0149	73.5	2460	2534	8.725
5.0	32.9	28.2	0.0354	137.8	2424	2562	8.396
10.0	45.8	14.7	0.0682	191.8	2393	2585	8.151
20.0	60.1	7.65	0.131	251.5	2358	2610	7.909
28	67.5	5.58	0.179	282.7	2340	2623	7.793
35	72.7	4.53	0.221	304.3	2327	2632	7.717
45	78.7	3.58	0.279	329.6	2312	2642	7.631
55	83.7	2.96	0.338	350.6	2299	2650	7.562
65	88.0	2.53	0.395	368.6	2288	2657	7.506
75	91.8	2.22	0.450	384.5	2279	2663	7.457
85	95.2	1.97	0.507	398.6	2270	2668	7.415
95	98.2	1.78	0.563	411.5	2262	2673	7.377
100	99.6	1.69	0.590	417.5	2258	2675	7.360
101.331)	100	1.67	0.598	419.1	2257	2676	7.355
110	102.3	1.55	0.646	428.8	2251	2680	7.328
130	107.1	1.33	0.755	449.2	2238	2687	7.271
150	111.4	1.16	0.863	467.1	2226	2698	7.223
170	115.2	1.03	0.970	483.2	2216	2699	7.181
190	118.6	0.929	1.08	497.8	2206	2704	7.144
220	123.3	0.810	1.23	517.6	2193	2711	7.095
260	128.7	0.693	1.44	540.9	2177	2718	7.039
280	131.2	0.646	1.55	551.4	2170	2722	7.014
320	135.8	0.570	1.75	570.9	2157	2728	6.969
360	139.9	0.510	1.96	588.5	2144	2733	6.930
400	143.1	0.462	2.16	604.7	2133	2738	6.894
440	147.1	0.423	2.36	619.6	2122	2742	6.862
480	150.3	0.389	2.57	633.5	2112	2746	6.833
500	151.8	0.375	2.67	640.1	2107	2748	6.819
550	155.5	0.342	2.92	655.8	2096	2752	6.787
600	158.8	0.315	3.175	670.4	2085	2756	6.758
650	162.0	0.292	3.425	684.1	2075	2759	6.730
700	165.0	0.273	3.66	697.1	2065	2762	6.705
750	167.8	0.255	3.915	709.3	2056	2765	6.682
800	170.4	0.240	4.16	720.9	2047	2768	6.660
850	172.9	0.229	4.41	732.0	2038	2770	6.639
900	175.4	0.215	4.65	742.6	2030	2772	6.619
950	177.7	0.204	4.90	752.8	2021	2774	6.601
1000	179.9	0.194	5.15	762.6	2014	2776	6.583
1050	182.0	0.186	5.39	772	2006	2778	6.566
1150	186.0	0.170	5.89	790	1991	2781	6.534
1250	189.8	0.157	6.38	807	1977	2784	6.505
1300	191.6	0.151	6.62	815	1971	2785	6.491
1500	198.3	0.132	7.59	845	1945	2790	6.441
1600	201.4	0.124	8.03	859	1933	2792	6.418
1800	207.1	0.110	9.07	885	1910	2795	6.375
2000	212.4	0.0995	10.01	909	1889	2797	6.337
2100	214.9	0.0945	10.54	920	1878	2798	6.319
2300	219.6	0.0868	11.52	942	1858	2800	6.285
2400	221.8	0.0832	12.02	952	1849	2800	6.269
2600	226.0	0.0769	13.01	972	1830	2801	6.239
2700	228.1	0.0740	13.52	981	1821	2802	6.224
2900	232.0	0.0689	14.52	1000	1803	2802	6.197
3000	233.8	0.0666	15.00	1008	1794	2802	6.184
3200	237.4	0.0624	16.02	1025	1779	2802	6.158
3400	240.9	0.0587	17.04	1042	1760	2802	6.134
3600	244.2	0.0554	18.06	1058	1744	2802	6.112
3800	247.3	0.0524	19.08	1073	1728	2801	6.090
4000	250.3	0.0497	20.09	1087	1713	2800	6.069

• Vacuum steam is the general term used for saturated steam at temperatures below 100°C.

¹⁾Atmospheric pressure

• Absolute Pressure = Gauge Pressure + Atmospheric Pressure
• Specific enthalpy - or Sensible Heat - is the quantity of heat in 1 kg of water according to the selected temperature

Example - Boiling Water at 100 ^oC and 0 bar

At atmospheric pressure - 0 bar gauge or absolute 101.33 kN/m²- water boils at 100 ^oC. 419 kJ of energy is required to heat 1 kg of water from 0 ^oC to the saturation temperature 100 ^oC.

Therefore, at 0 bar gauge (absolute 101.33 kN/m²) and 100 ^oC - the specific enthalpy of water is 419 kJ/kg.
Another 2257 kJ of energy is required to evaporate the 1 kg of water at 100 ^oC to steam at 100 ^oC. Therefore, at 0 bar gauge (absolute 101.33 kN/m²) - the specific enthalpy of evaporation is 2257 kJ/kg.

The total specific enthalpy of the steam (or heat required to evaporate water to steam) at atmospheric pressure and 100 ^oC can be summarized as:

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h_s = 419 + 2257

= 2676 kJ/kg

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= 2676 (kJ/kg) / 3600 (s/h) = 0.74 kWh/kg

(1 hour = 3600 seconds, 1 kW = 1 kJ/s)

Example - Boiling Water at 170 ^oC and 7 bar

Steam at atmospheric pressure is of limited practical use since it can not be conveyed by its own pressure along a steam pipe to the points of consumption.
At 7 bar gauge (absolute 800 kN/m²) - the saturation temperature of water is 170 ^oC. More heat energy is required to raise the temperature to the saturation point at 7 bar gauge than needed for water at atmospheric pressure. From the table a value of 720.9 kJ is needed to raise 1 kg of water from 0 ^oC to the saturation temperature 170 ^oC.
The heat energy (enthalpy of evaporation) needed at 7 bar gauge to evaporate the water to steam is actually less than the heat energy required at atmospheric pressure. The specific enthalpy of evaporation decrease with steam pressure increase. The evaporation heat is 2047 kJ/kg according the table.

Note! Because the specific volume of steam decreases with increasing pressure, the amount of heat energy transferred in the same volume actually increases with steam pressure. In other words the same pipe may transfer more energy with high pressure steam than with low pressure steam.

Related Topics

• Steam and Condensate - Steam & condensate systems- properties, capacities, pipe sizing, systems configuration and more
• Flash Steam - Flash steam generation - thermodynamic fundamentals, heat loss, energy recovery and more
• Steam Thermodynamics - Thermodynamics of steam and condensate applications

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